记忆方法
1、shape 的老根 *(s)kep- 是"切、削"：把材料切出轮廓，东西才有"形状"。同族线索：scoop（舀出、挖空）是远亲；landscape（风景）结尾的 -scape 就是 shape 这一支——大地切出来的样子。
2、短语两个：in good shape（状态好/身体好，人也物都可用）、out of shape（走样、状态差）；shape up（改好点、拿出样子来），老话 shape up or ship out（不干就滚蛋）押韵好记。
3、"形"辨析：figure 指轮廓体态（尤指身材），form 是抽象的"形式"统称，shape 侧重立体的形状，outline 只剩轮廓线。
2、短语两个：in good shape（状态好/身体好，人也物都可用）、out of shape（走样、状态差）；shape up（改好点、拿出样子来），老话 shape up or ship out（不干就滚蛋）押韵好记。
3、"形"辨析：figure 指轮廓体态（尤指身材），form 是抽象的"形式"统称，shape 侧重立体的形状，outline 只剩轮廓线。
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词族 · shape
中文词源
shape 形状，外形，塑造，使成形
来自古英语 scapan,塑造，成形，来自 Proto-Germanic*skapjanan,塑造，成形，来自 PIE*skep, 切，削，词源同 ship,-scape.引申诸相关词义。
英语词源
- shape
-
shape: [OE] Shape goes back ultimately to the prehistoric Germanic base *skap- ‘form, create’, which also produced German schaffen and Swedish skapa ‘create, make’. ‘Create’ seems to have been a secondary meaning of the base, evolving out of an earlier ‘chop or dig out’, which probably gave rise to English scoop.
=> scoop - shape (v.)
- Old English scapan, past participle of scieppan "to create, form, destine" (past tense scop), from Proto-Germanic *skapjanan "create, ordain" (cognates: Old Norse skapa, Danish skabe, Old Saxon scapan, Old Frisian skeppa, Middle Dutch schappen "do, treat," Old High German scaffan, German schaffen "shape, create, produce"), from PIE root *(s)kep- a base forming words meaning "to cut, scrape, hack" (see scabies), which acquired broad technical senses and in Germanic a specific sense of "to create."
Old English scieppan survived into Middle English as shippen, but shape emerged as a regular verb (with past tense shaped) by 1500s. The old past participle form shapen survives in misshapen. Middle English shepster (late 14c.) "dressmaker, female cutter-out," is literally "shape-ster," from Old English scieppan.
Meaning "to form in the mind" is from late 14c. Phrase Shape up (v.) is literally "to give form to by stiff or solid material;" attested from 1865 as "progress;" from 1938 as "reform;" shape up or ship out is attested from 1956, originally U.S. military slang, with the sense being "do right or get shipped up to active duty." - shape (n.)
- Old English sceap, gesceap "form; created being, creature; creation; condition; sex, genitalia," from root of shape (v.)). Meaning "contours of the body" is attested from late 14c. Meaning "condition, state" is first recorded 1865, American English. In Middle English, the word in plural also had a sense of "a woman's private parts." Shape-shifter attested from 1820. Out of shape "not in proper shape" is from 1690s. Shapesmith "one who undertakes to improve the form of the body" was used in 1715.
权威例句
- 1. The shirt's cuffs won't sag and lose their shape after washing.
- 这件衬衫的袖口洗后照样挺括，不变形。
- 2. She even had plastic surgery to change the shape of her nose.
- 为改变鼻子的形状，她甚至接受了整形手术。
- 3. Britain needs new leadership if she is to help shape Europe's future.
- 如果英国想要对欧洲未来的发展产生重要影响的话，就需要新的领导层。
- 4. These bras should be handwashed to help them keep their shape.
- 这些胸罩要手洗以保持不变形。
- 5. Taper the shape of your eyebrows towards the outer corners.
- 把你的眉毛修剪成越往外眼角越细的月牙形。
词语辨析
【figure, form, shape, outline】
这组词都有“形式”的意思，其区别是：
figure: 指轮廓、外形，尤指体态，相貌或身体。
form: 最普通用词，含义广，既可指客观物体的外形，又可用于抽象概念的“形”。
shape: 通常指由线和面所围成的外观上的形，侧重立体形状。
outline: 指任何形状的轮廓线。
【mould, shape, from, forge】
这组词都有“使成形”的意思，其区别是：
mould: 通常指把有延展性的材料浇铸或塑成所需形状的物品。
shape: 比mould使用广泛，指用许多不同的方法制成不同形状的制品。
from: 通常指对尚未成形的物品作进一步加工，使成为成品。
forge: 意义较窄，指用锤子和砧对金属材料进行加工或锻造。
这组词都有“形式”的意思，其区别是：
figure: 指轮廓、外形，尤指体态，相貌或身体。
form: 最普通用词，含义广，既可指客观物体的外形，又可用于抽象概念的“形”。
shape: 通常指由线和面所围成的外观上的形，侧重立体形状。
outline: 指任何形状的轮廓线。
【mould, shape, from, forge】
这组词都有“使成形”的意思，其区别是：
mould: 通常指把有延展性的材料浇铸或塑成所需形状的物品。
shape: 比mould使用广泛，指用许多不同的方法制成不同形状的制品。
from: 通常指对尚未成形的物品作进一步加工，使成为成品。
forge: 意义较窄，指用锤子和砧对金属材料进行加工或锻造。