welsh

来自Proto-Germanic*walhaz,凯尔特部落名，凯尔特人，后词义通用化，用于指外国人，不固定的罗马人，高卢人，不列颠人等非日耳曼人，直至后来指现代意义上的威尔士人。大部分现代凯尔特语学者认为该词原义为猎鹰，词源同falcon, 也有学者偏向于词义为狼，词源同wolf. 词义演变比较frank.

来自Welsh,威尔干人。赖帐义可能来自英国人的对威尔士的调侃或开涮。比较Dutch courage,French letter.

Welsh (adj.)

Old English Wielisc, Wylisc (West Saxon), Welisc, Wælisc (Anglian and Kentish) "foreign; British (not Anglo-Saxon), Welsh; not free, servile," from Wealh, Walh "Celt, Briton, Welshman, non-Germanic foreigner;" in Tolkien's definition, "common Gmc. name for a man of what we should call Celtic speech," but also applied in Germanic languages to speakers of Latin, hence Old High German Walh, Walah "Celt, Roman, Gaulish," and Old Norse Val-land "France," Valir "Gauls, non-Germanic inhabitants of France" (Danish vælsk "Italian, French, southern"); from Proto-Germanic *Walkhiskaz, from a Celtic tribal name represented by Latin Volcæ (Caesar) "ancient Celtic tribe in southern Gaul."

As a noun, "the Britons," also "the Welsh language," both from Old English. The word survives in Wales, Cornwall, Walloon, walnut, and in surnames Walsh and Wallace. Borrowed in Old Church Slavonic as vlachu, and applied to the Rumanians, hence Wallachia. Among the English, Welsh was used disparagingly of inferior or substitute things (such as Welsh cricket "louse" (1590s); Welsh comb "thumb and four fingers" (1796), and compare welch (v.)). Welsh rabbit is from 1725, also perverted by folk-etymology as Welsh rarebit (1785).

1. The western-most part of north Wales is a stronghold of Welsh-speakers.

北威尔士最西部是说威尔士语人的聚居区。

2. Welsh international Matthew Postle was third fastest at the halfway point.

到半程时，威尔士的世界级选手马修·波斯特尔位居第三。

3. Since the Sixties, afforestation has changed the Welsh countryside.

60年代以来，植树造林已经改变了威尔士的乡村面貌。

4. He wants actors who can speak Welsh. Obviously I've had it.

他要的是会说威尔士语的演员。明摆着，我是没指望了。

5. Stephen ventured a few more sentences in halting Welsh.

在阻止韦尔什时，斯蒂芬壮着胆子多说了几句。