timber

来自古英语 timber,房屋，建筑物，来自 Proto-Germanic*timran,建筑物，来自 PIE*deme,建造， 修建，来自 PIE*dom,屋子，住所，词源同 dome,domicile.后引申词义建筑材料，树木，木材， 木料等。

timber

timber: [OE] Timber originally denoted a ‘building’ – the Lindisfarne Gospels of around 950 translated Mark 13:1 (‘See what manner of stones and what buildings are here’) as ‘See what stones and what timber’. It comes from a prehistoric Germanic *timram, whose German descendant zimmer ‘room’ has remained closer to its semantic roots (but German zimmermann means ‘carpenter’).

And this in turn went back to Indo-European *demrom, a derivative of the base *dem-, *dom- ‘build’, from which English also gets dome, domestic, etc. The sense ‘building’ gradually developed into ‘building material’, then ‘wood used for building’, and finally ‘wood’ in general.
=> dome, domestic

timber (n.)

Old English timber "building, structure," in late Old English "building material, trees suitable for building," and "trees or woods in general," from Proto-Germanic *timran (cognates: Old Saxon timbar "a building, room," Old Frisian timber "wood, building," Old High German zimbar "timber, wooden dwelling, room," Old Norse timbr "timber," German Zimmer "room"), from PIE *deme- "to build," possibly from root *dem- "house, household" (source of Greek domos, Latin domus; see domestic (adj.)).

The related Old English verb timbran, timbrian was the chief word for "to build" (compare Dutch timmeren, German zimmern). As a call of warning when a cut tree is about to fall, it is attested from 1912 in Canadian English. Timbers in the nautical slang sense (see shiver (v.2)) is from the specialized meaning "pieces of wood composing the frames of a ship's hull" (1748).

The timber-wolf (1846) of the U.S. West is the gray wolf, not confined to forests but so-called to distinguish it from the prairie-wolf (coyote).

1. These Severn Valley woods have been exploited for timber since Saxon times.

从撒克逊时代起就开始采伐塞文山谷的这些树林获取木料。

2. A natural timber deck leads into the main room of the home.

有一个天然的木制平台通到房子的客厅。

3. Half of the north-west's timber land is public property.

西北部的一半林地是公共财产。

4. It wants timber to come, where possible, from sustainably managed sources.

其要求木材尽可能来自可持续发展林。

5. They have been bartering wheat for cotton and timber.

他们一直用小麦交换棉花和木材。