stuff

stuffs 是 stuff 的复数形式/第三人称单数,页面展示原形释义。
英 [stʌf] 美 [stʌf]
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  • n. 东西;材料;填充物;素材资料
  • vt. 塞满;填塞;让吃饱
  • vi. 吃得过多
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记忆方法

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1、stuff 的老家是"塞住":和 stop(堵)同源,最早是用粗纤维把洞塞上。今天说 stuff a bag(塞包)、stuff yourself(吃撑),还是那个"塞"。
2、词族:stuffing 填料、(食物里的)馅;stuffed animal 毛绒玩具;know your stuff 懂行、有两下子。当名词时 stuff 是"东西、料子",含点不客气的评价。
3、易错:stuff 不可数——this stuff,不说 a stuffs;要数就用 things。拼写双 f,过去式 stuffed;别看串成 stiff(僵硬的)——中间是 u 不是 i。近义 material(原料)、substance(某种物质)、matter(物质,与精神相对),stuff 最口语。
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词族 · stuff

词形变化与派生词,串起来记

中文词源

stuff 填满,塞满,东西,物品,原料,材料

来 自 中 古 英 语 stuffen, 装 备 , 提 供 , 来 自 古 法 语 estoffer, 提 供 , 塞 满 , 填 塞 , 来 自 Proto-Germanic*stuppona, 塞 满 , 装 满 , 堵塞 , 可 能来 自 PIE*steu, 推 , 击, 打 , 词源 同 stiff,stop,steep.引申诸相关词义。

英语词源

stuff
stuff: [14] Stuff is ultimately the same word as stop. It comes via Old French estoffer and prehistoric Germanic *stopfōn, earlier *stoppōn (source of English stop), from late Latin stuppāre ‘plug, stop up’. This originally denoted literally ‘stop up a hole with a plug of coarse fibres’, for it was derived from Latin stuppa ‘coarse fibres, tow’, a borrowing from Greek stúppē. The noun stuff comes from Old French estoffe ‘provisions’, a derivative of estoffer.
=> stop
stuff (n.)
early 14c., "quilted material worn under chain mail," from Old French estoffe "quilted material, furniture, provisions" (Modern French étoffe), from estoffer "to equip or stock," which according to French sources is from Old High German stopfon "to plug, stuff," or from a related Frankish word (see stop (v.)), but OED has "strong objections" to this.

Sense extended to material for working with in various trades (c. 1400), then "matter of an unspecified kind" (1570s). Meaning "narcotic, dope, drug" is attested from 1929. To know (one's) stuff "have a grasp on a subject" is recorded from 1927.
stuff (v.)
mid-14c., "furnish with" (goods, provisions, etc.), also "reinforce" (troops), from Old French estofer "pad, upholster, fit out" (Modern French étoffer), from estoffe, and probably also in part from stuff (n.).

From c. 1400 as "fill, cram full; fill (the belly) with food or drink, gorge;" from early 15c. as "to clog" (the sinuses, etc.); from late 14c. as "fill (a mattress, etc.) with padding, line with padding;" also in the cookery sense, in reference to filing the interior of a pastry or the cavity of a fowl or beast. The ballot-box sense is attested from 1854, American English; in expressions of contempt and suggestive of bodily orifices, it dates from 1952.

权威例句

1. I don't want any more of that heavy stuff.
我再也不想碰那种麻烦事了。
2. These chaps know their stuff after seven years of war.
7年的战争过后,这些家伙都成了作战行家。
3. There's a reason why women don't read this stuff; it's not funny.
女人不读这种东西是有原因的,它并不好笑。
4. They insist on tastier chocolate than the anaemic British stuff.
他们坚持要比淡而无味的英国货味道更好的巧克力。
5. The stuff has never been properly logged and labelled.
这些东西从未进行过妥善登记,也没有贴标签标注。

词语辨析

【substance, stuff, matter, material】
这组词都有“物质,东西”的意思,其区别是:
substance: 多指某一种形式的物质,既可指元素也可指化合物。
stuff: 多用于日常生活中,非正式用词。常指构成整体的所有部分、物体或项目。有时指劣等材料,含轻蔑意味。
matter: 通常指构成实物的物质,与精神相对立。在科学上,指占有空间,并能以某种方式被感官觉察的一切东西。
material: 通常指组成客观存在物的部分或其原料。

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