stress

stress 施压，加压，压力，紧张

来自拉丁语 stringere,拉紧，绑紧，词源同 strain,strict.-ss,过去分词格。引申诸相关词义。

stress (n.)

c. 1300, "hardship, adversity, force, pressure," in part a shortening of Middle English distress (n.); in part from Old French estrece "narrowness, oppression," from Vulgar Latin *strictia, from Latin strictus "tight, compressed, drawn together," past participle of stringere "draw tight" (see strain (v.)). Meaning "physical strain on a material object" is from mid-15c. As an abstract force in mechanics from 1855. The purely psychological sense is attested from 1955.

stress (v.)

c. 1300, "to subject (someone) to force or compulsion," from Middle French estrecier, from Vulgar Latin *strictiare, from Latin stringere "draw tight," which also is the source of stress (n.). The figurative meaning "put emphasis on" is first recorded 1896, from notion of laying pressure on something by relying on it. Related: Stressed; stressing.

1. Massage is used to relax muscles, relieve stress and improve the circulation.

按摩可以使肌肉放松，缓解压力和促进血液循环。

2. Stress is widely perceived as contributing to coronary heart disease.

压力被广泛认为是导致冠心病的一个因素。

3. Stress, both human and mechanical, may also be a contributing factor.

来自人的和机械方面的压力可能也是一个因素。

4. Stress may act as a trigger for these illnesses.

压力可能会成为引发这些疾病的原因。

5. Japanese car makers are laying ever more stress on European sales.

日本汽车制造商比以往任何时候都更加重视欧洲市场的销售情况.

【stress, emphasis】
这组词都有“强调”的意思，其区别是：
stress: 常可与emphasis换用，但侧重指迫不及待地强调或坚持。
emphasis: 指尽力突出的重要性或重点。

【stress, emphasize, focus, highlight】
stress: 重读（某音节）
emphasize: 加强…的语气
focus: 使…集中于一点
highlight: 对…予以特别的注意；将（头发）染成浅色使之有光泽

【pressure, strain, stress, tension】
这组词都有“压力，重压，紧张”的意思，其区别是：
pressure: 在科学上，指单位面积上所受到的压力。用于引申时，指某事物所产生的压力或影响力等。
strain: 指某人为克服外力界压力而造成的身心和情绪等方面的压抑。用于物时，指任何力或合力作用于一个物体上面造成的应变。
stress: 侧重指承受外来的压力，也指由于某种原因而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张。
tension: 多指因关系不好或其它原因而出现的紧张状态，也指某物被过度伸展的程度或状态。