sea

来自古英语 sae,水面，海，湖，池塘，来自 Proto-Germanic*saiwaz,水面。后词义专用化指海。

sea

sea: [OE] Sea is a widespread Germanic word, related to German see, Dutch zee, Swedish sjö, and Danish sø (the Scandinavian words are now more usually used for ‘lake’ than ‘sea’). These all point back to a prehistoric Germanic *saiwiz, but it is not known where that came from.

sea (n.)

Old English sæ "sheet of water, sea, lake, pool," from Proto-Germanic *saiwaz (cognates: Old Saxon seo, Old Frisian se, Middle Dutch see, Swedish sjö), of unknown origin, outside connections "wholly doubtful" [Buck]. Meaning "large quantity" (of anything) is from c. 1200. Meaning "dark area of the moon's surface" is attested from 1660s (see mare (n.2)).

Germanic languages also use the general Indo-European word (represented by English mere (n.)), but have no firm distinction between "sea" and "lake," either by size, by inland or open, or by salt vs. fresh. This may reflect the Baltic geography where the languages are thought to have originated. The two words are used more or less interchangeably in Germanic, and exist in opposite senses (such as Gothic saiws "lake," marei "sea;" but Dutch zee "sea," meer "lake"). Compare also Old Norse sær "sea," but Danish sø, usually "lake" but "sea" in phrases. German See is "sea" (fem.) or "lake" (masc.). The single Old English word sæ glosses Latin mare, aequor, pontus, pelagus, and marmor.

Phrase sea change "transformation" is attested from 1610, first in Shakespeare ("The Tempest," I.ii). Sea anemone is from 1742; sea legs is from 1712; sea level from 1806; sea urchin from 1590s. At sea in the figurative sense of "perplexed" is attested from 1768, from literal sense of "out of sight of land" (c. 1300).

1. The shallow sea bed yields up an abundance of food.

浅海床提供了丰富的食物。

2. The comparison of her life to a sea voyage simplifies her experience.

把她的人生比作一次海上航行不足以说明她丰富的经历。

3. The ship would lie there mirrored in a perfectly unmoving glossy sea.

船会停靠在那里，映衬在一片波澜不兴的湛蓝海水之中。

4. Among the most spectacular sights are the great sea-bird colonies.

庞大的海鸟群是最壮观的景象之一。

5. A gale was blowing and the sea was choppy.

狂风大作，海面上波浪起伏。