prize

1、prize 与 price 原是一词两写：古法语 pris 进英语后为标元音长音写作 prise，后来分家——要付的钱成了 price（价格），得的奖成了 prize（奖品）；praise（赞扬）也出自同一支"估值、称赞"。
2、另一个 prize"撬开、强行取"另来自拉丁 prehendere（抓住）：与 prison（监狱，抓进去的地方）、comprehend（理解，字面"全部抓住"）同根；英式拼 prise 就表"撬"。
3、现场对照：the price is high 价格高，win the first prize 得头奖——price 管付出，prize 管收获。动词 prize 转义"珍视"。拼写 prize /praɪz/。

prize 奖品，奖赏

来自古法语pris,价格，价值，奖品，词源同price,praise.

prize 撬开

来自古法语prise,抓住，来自（缩写自）拉丁语prehendere,抓住，词源同apprise,comprehend. 引申词义撬开，强力扒开。

prize

prize: English has four words prize. The one meaning ‘reward’ [16] is essentially the same word as price. This was originally pris, mirroring its immediate Old French ancestor pris. It became prise, to indicate the length of its vowel i, and in the 16th century this differentiated into price for ‘amount to pay’ and prize for ‘reward’. (Modern French prix has given English grand prix [19], literally ‘great prize’, first used for a ‘car race’ in 1908.) Prize ‘esteem’ [14] was based on pris-, the stem of Old French preisier ‘praise’ (source of English praise). Prize ‘something captured in war’ [14] comes via Old French prise ‘capture, seizure, booty’ from Vulgar Latin *prēsa or *prēnsa ‘something seized’.

This was a noun use of the past participle of *prēndere ‘seize’, a contraction of classical Latin praehendere (from which English gets prehensile, prison, etc). Another sense of Old French prise was ‘grasp’. English borrowed this in the 14th century as prize ‘lever’, which in due course was turned into modern English’s fourth prize, the verb prize, or prise, ‘lever’ [17]. Pry ‘lever’ [19] is an alteration of prize, based on the misapprehension that it is a third-person singular present form (*pries).
=> grand prix, price; praise; comprehensive, prison, reprehensible; pry

prize (n.1)

"reward," prise (c. 1300 in this sense), from Old French pris "price, value, worth; reward" (see price (n.)). As an adjective, "worthy of a prize," from 1803. The spelling with -z- is from late 16c. Prize-fighter is from 1703; prize-fight from 1730 (prize-fighter from 1785).

prize (n.2)

"something taken by force," mid-13c., prise "a taking, holding," from Old French prise "a taking, seizing, holding," noun use of fem. past participle of prendre "to take, seize," from Latin prendere, contraction of prehendere "lay hold of, grasp, seize, catch" (see prehensile). Especially of ships captured at sea (1510s). The spelling with -z- is from late 16c.

prize (v.)

"to estimate," 1580s, alteration of Middle English prisen "to prize, value" (late 14c.), from stem of Old French preisier "to praise" (see praise (v.)). Related: Prized; prizing.

1. Each month the total prize kitty is £13.5 million.

每个月的彩池奖金总额达1,350万英镑。

2. Entry to this prize draw is limited to UK residents.

这次抽奖只限英国公民参加。

3. During each show we will be raffling a fabulous prize.

每场表演期间，我们将以抽彩方法送出大奖。

4. He had been on the Nobel Prize committee's list of possibles.

他在诺贝尔委员会列出的获奖候选者名单之列.

5. The 1990 Nobel Prize for medicine was won by two Americans.

1990年诺贝尔医学奖由两位美国人获得。

【price, prize】
price: 价格, The price is high/low.
prize: 奖,奖品,奖金 win the first prize