记忆方法
将“perfume”分解为“per”和“fume”。想象“per”像是一个过滤网，滤掉杂质，而“fume”意味着香气。这样，就可以在脑海中构建一个画面：香气通过一个过滤网散播出来，形成了一种精致的香味。这种方法有助于记忆单词的含义。
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词族 · perfume
中文词源
perfume 香水
per-,完全的，fume,烟气，烟熏。其原义为烟熏消毒，后引申词义香水。
英语词源
- perfume
-
perfume: [16] The -fume of perfume is the same word as English fumes, but whereas fumes has gone downhill semantically, perfume has remained in the realms of pleasant odours. It comes from French parfum, a derivative of the verb parfumer. This was borrowed from early Italian parfumare, a compound formed from the prefix par- ‘through’ and fumare ‘smoke’, which denoted a ‘pervading by smoke’. When it first arrived in English, the semantic element ‘burning’ was still present, and perfume denoted the ‘fumes produced by burning a substance, such as incense’, but this gradually dropped out in favour of the more general ‘pleasant smell’.
=> fume - perfume (n.)
- 1530s, "fumes from a burning substance," from Middle French parfum (16c.), from parfumer "to scent," from Old Provençal perfumar or cognate words in dialectal Italian (perfumare) or Spanish (perfumar), from Latin per- "through" (see per) + fumare "to smoke" (see fume (n.)). Meaning "fluid containing agreeable essences of flowers, etc.," is attested from 1540s.
- perfume (v.)
- 1530s, "to fill with smoke or vapor," from perfume (n.) or from Middle French parfumer. Meaning "to impart a sweet scent to" is from 1530s. Related: Perfumed; perfuming.
权威例句
- 1. As she went past there was a gust of strong perfume.
- 她走过时有一股浓烈的香水味。
- 2. There were two lemon trees and I paused to enjoy their perfume.
- 那里有两棵柠檬树，我不禁驻足品味柠檬的芬芳。
- 3. She dabbed a drop of the musky perfume behind each ear.
- 她在两耳后分别擦上一小滴麝香香水。
- 4. Amy thought she caught the faintest drift of Isabel's flowery perfume.
- 埃米觉得她闻到了伊莎贝尔身上飘出的一丝极微弱的花香味香水的味道。
- 5. He sniffed the perfume she wore, then gave her a quick survey.
- 他闻了闻她身上的香水味，然后又飞快地打量了她一眼。
词语辨析
【smell, fragrance, incense, perfume, flavour, odour, scent】
这组词都有“气味”的意思，其区别是：
smell: 普通用词，与odour很相近，中性词。可指好闻或不好闻或中性气味。
fragrance: 较正式的典雅用词，常指花妆品、花朵和香料等发出的令人感到新鲜、愉快的香味。
incense: 指香燃烧时发出的芳香的烟味。
perfume: 书面用词，指强烈、浓厚天然或人工制造的香气。
flavour: 指影响嗅觉、味觉的香气或香味，多用于指食物等独特的味。
odour: 书面中性词，侧重气味本身的本质，既可指令人愉快的气味，也可指令人作呕难闻气味。
scent: 与smell很接近，但着重某物质或物体所特有的气味，多指好闻的气味。
这组词都有“气味”的意思，其区别是：
smell: 普通用词，与odour很相近，中性词。可指好闻或不好闻或中性气味。
fragrance: 较正式的典雅用词，常指花妆品、花朵和香料等发出的令人感到新鲜、愉快的香味。
incense: 指香燃烧时发出的芳香的烟味。
perfume: 书面用词，指强烈、浓厚天然或人工制造的香气。
flavour: 指影响嗅觉、味觉的香气或香味，多用于指食物等独特的味。
odour: 书面中性词，侧重气味本身的本质，既可指令人愉快的气味，也可指令人作呕难闻气味。
scent: 与smell很接近，但着重某物质或物体所特有的气味，多指好闻的气味。