other

来自古英语other,来自PIE*an-tero,异化自PIE*al-tero,两个中的另外一个，来自*al,另外，其它，词源同alias,else,*tero,比较级后缀，词源同alternate,exterior.在古英语中鼻音n在摩擦音前自然脱落。

other

other: [OE] Other is one of a widespread family of Germanic words expressing ‘alternative’, represented today also by German and Dutch ander. The prehistoric ancestor of all three was *antheraz, which came ultimately from an Indo- European *ánteros. This, a comparative formation based on *an-, may have been related to Latin alter ‘other’ (source of English alter, alternative, etc).

other (adj.)

Old English oþer "the second" (adj.), also as a pronoun, "one of the two, other," from Proto-Germanic *antharaz (cognates: Old Saxon athar, Old Frisian other, Old Norse annarr, Middle Dutch and Dutch ander, Old High German andar, German ander, Gothic anþar "other").

These are from PIE *an-tero-, variant of *al-tero- "the other of two" (source of Lithuanian antras, Sanskrit antarah "other, foreign," Latin alter), from root *al- (1) "beyond" (see alias (adv.)) + adjectival comparative suffix *-tero-. The Old English, Old Saxon, and Old Frisian forms show "a normal loss of n before fricatives" [Barnhart]. Meaning "different" is mid-13c.

Sense of "second" was detached from this word in English (which uses second, from Latin) and German (zweiter, from zwei "two") to avoid ambiguity. In Scandinavian, however, the second floor is still the "other" floor (Swedish andra, Danish anden). Also compare Old English oþergeara "next year."

The other woman "a woman with whom a man begins a love affair while he is already committed" is from 1855. The other day originally (mid-12c.) was "the next day;" later (c. 1300) "yesterday;" and now, loosely, "a day or two ago" (early 15c.). Phrase other half in reference to either the poor or the rich, is recorded from c. 1600.

La moitié du monde ne sçayt comment l'aultre vit. [Rabelais, "Pantagruel," 1532]

1. You can chat to other people who are online.

你可以和其他在线的人聊天。

2. "All the best," called the other typists in chorus.

“祝万事如意，”其他打字员齐声喊道。

3. Try to support each other when one of you is feeling down.

当有人觉得情绪低落时，要努力相互打气。

4. After sixteen years of marriage they have grown bored with each other.

结婚16年后，他们已经渐渐彼此厌倦了。

5. He wants to act in concert with other nations.

他想和其他国家采取一致行动。