judge

来自古法语jugier,判断，审判，来自拉丁语iudicare,判断，审判，来自ius,正义，公理，法律，词源同just,justice,dicere,说，词源同dictate,diction.即依法进行判断，审理和裁决。引申词义法官，审判员。拼写比较bridge,edge,lodge.

judge

judge: [13] Etymologically, a judge is someone who ‘speaks the law’. The word comes via Old French juge from Latin jūdex, which was originally a compound noun made up of jūs ‘law’ and the element -dicus ‘speaking’ (related to English diction, dictionary, etc). Parallel formations to have reached English are juridical [16] and jurisdiction [13], while derivatives of jūdex itself include judicature [16], judicial [14], judiciary [16], and judicious [16].
=> diction, dictionary, judicious, jury, just

judge (v.)

c. 1300, "to form an opinion about; make a decision," also "to try and pronounce sentence upon (someone) in a court," from Anglo-French juger, Old French jugier "to judge, pronounce judgment; pass an opinion on," from Latin iudicare "to judge, to examine officially; form an opinion upon; pronounce judgment," from iudicem (nominative iudex) "a judge," a compound of ius "right, law" (see just (adj.)) + root of dicere "to say" (see diction). Related: Judged; judging. From mid-14c. as "to regard, consider." The Old English word was deman (see doom). Spelling with -dg- emerged mid-15c.

judge (n.)

mid-14c. (early 13c. as a surname), also judge-man; see judge (v.). In Hebrew history, it refers to a war leader vested with temporary power (as in Book of Judges), from Latin iudex being used to translate Hebrew shophet.

1. He stood emotionless as he heard the judge pass sentence.

他面无表情地站在那里，听法官宣布判决。

2. I gather his report is highly critical of the trial judge.

据我所知，他在报道中毫不留情地批评了初审法官。

3. The judge called the decision "a flagrant violation of international law"

法官称这一决定是“对国际法的公然违背”。

4. The defence counsel warned that the judge should stop the trial.

被告辩护律师强烈建议法官应该休庭。

5. There was pandemonium in court as the judge gave his summing-up.

法官的结案陈词在法庭上引起一片混乱。