jealous

来自拉丁语zelus,热情，发奋，词源同zeal.引申词义热情的，热烈的，竞争的，原先主要用于形容爱情和情爱，词义贬义化为羡慕的，妒忌的，并成为主要词义。

jealous

jealous: [13] Etymologically, jealousy and zeal are two sides of the same coin. Both come ultimately from Greek zelos. This passed into post-classical Latin as zēlus, which later produced the adjective zēlōsus. Old French took this over as gelos or jelous and passed it on to English. The Greek word denoted ‘jealousy’ as well as ‘fervour, enthusiasm’, and it is this strand of meaning that has come down to us in jealous. Jalousie, incidentally, the French equivalent of jealousy, was borrowed into English in the 19th century in the sense ‘blind, shutter’ – the underlying notion apparently being that one can look through the slats without oneself being seen.
=> zeal

jealous (adj.)

c. 1200, gelus, later jelus (early 14c.), "possessive and suspicious," originally in the context of sexuality or romance; in general use late 14c.; also in a more positive sense, "fond, amorous, ardent," from c. 1300, from Old French jalos "keen, zealous; avaricious; jealous" (12c., Modern French jaloux), from Late Latin zelosus, from zelus "zeal," from Greek zelos, sometimes "jealousy," but more often in a good sense ("emulation, rivalry, zeal"). See zeal. In biblical language (early 13c.) "tolerating no unfaithfulness."

Most of the words for 'envy' ... had from the outset a hostile force, based on 'look at' (with malice), 'not love,' etc. Conversely, most of those which became distinctive terms for 'jealousy' were originally used also in a good sense, 'zeal, emulation.' [Buck, pp.1138-9]

Among the ways to express this in other tongues are Swedish svartsjuka, literally "black-sick," from phrase bara svarta strumpor "wear black stockings," also "be jealous." Danish skinsyg "jealous," literally "skin-sick," is from skind "hide, skin" said to be explained by Swedish dialectal expression fa skinn "receive a refusal in courtship."

1. I worked myself into frenzy plotting ways to make him jealous.

我绞尽脑汁，处心积虑，就是为了让他嫉妒。

2. Pattie shot Tom in a fit of jealous rage.

帕蒂妒火中烧，开枪击中了汤姆。

3. I would be insanely jealous if Bill left me for another woman.

如果比尔为了别的女人离开我，我会妒忌得发疯的。

4. A thought struck her. Was she jealous of her mother, then?

她猛地冒出一个念头：那么难道她在嫉妒母亲吗？

5. Danny could be very jealous and possessive about me.

丹尼很爱吃醋，对我的占有欲很强。