govern

将“govern”想象成“政府”的英文缩写GOVERN的每一个字母组成一个“规则”或“治理”的场景，这样可以帮助记忆单词的含义是“治理”或“统治”。

govern 统治，管理

来自拉丁语gubernare,驾驶，操纵，引申义管理，尤指政府，词源cybernetic, gubernatorial.

govern

govern: [13] Politicians’ clichés about ‘steering the ship of state’ are no new thing; for the distant ancestor of English govern is the Greek verb kubernan ‘steer a ship’ (source also of English cybernetics). It developed the metaphorical sense ‘guide, rule’, and it was this that passed with it via Latin gubernāre and Old French governer into English. The Latin form is preserved in gubernatorial ‘of a governor’ [18].
=> cybernetics, gubernatorial

govern (v.)

late 13c., "to rule with authority," from Old French governer "steer, be at the helm of; govern, rule, command, direct" (11c., Modern French gouverner), from Latin gubernare "to direct, rule, guide, govern" (source also of Spanish gobernar, Italian governare), originally "to steer, to pilot," a nautical borrowing from Greek kybernan "to steer or pilot a ship, direct as a pilot," figuratively "to guide, govern" (the root of cybernetics). The -k- to -g- sound shift is perhaps via the medium of Etruscan. Intransitive sense from 1590s. Related: Governed; governing.

1. The republics began asserting their right to govern themselves.

各加盟共和国开始要求获得自治权。

2. The govern-ment will continue to try to regenerate inner city areas.

政府将继续努力重建内城地区。

3. The govern-ment gave 30 million marks for new school books.

政府拨款3000万马克用于购置学校的新教材。

4. They were utterly unfit to govern America.

他们完全没有能力治理美国。

5. The govern-ment cannot afford to alienate either group.

疏远两个团体中的任何一方都是政府承受不起的。

【direct, control, supervise, govern, administer, rule, manage】
这组词都有“管理、支配”的意思，其区别是：
direct: 侧重行使领导或指导权。
control: 含义广泛的常用词，指对人或物施以约束或控制的力量。
supervise: 侧重指运用本身的或被授予的权力来管理、检查工作，含监督意味。
govern: 侧重指运用任何控制的权力来统治或管理一个国家、一个社会或一个部门，暗含能力和知识的运用。
administer: 指官方的或正式的对事务的管理。
rule: 强调用绝对或独裁的权力来管理或统治。
manage: 强调对具体事务机构进行管理，有时含受权管理或处理之意。