记忆方法
将“extra”与“extra-”前缀相联系，想象“extra-”表示超出、额外的意思，然后将它扩展到“extra”这个单词上，表示超过一般的、额外的。可以用一个场景来记忆，比如“extra”代表“extra ticket”额外的票，即比普通票多的票。通过这样的联想，可以更容易地记住“extra”这个单词的含义。
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词族 · extra
词形变化
中文词源
extra 额外的
ex-, 向外。-ter, 比较级后缀，见alternate.
英语词源
- extra
-
extra: [18] In its modern English use, ‘beyond what is normal’ or ‘additional’, extra is probably an abbreviation of extraordinary [15], in which the prefix represents Latin extrā ‘outside, beyond’. This in turn was short for exterā, the ablative feminine case of the adjective exterus ‘outer’ (from which English gets exterior [16]). And exterus itself began life as a compound form based on Latin ex ‘out’.
=> exterior, extreme - extra
- 1650s as a stand-alone adjective; also used as an adverb and noun in 17c. (see extra-); modern usages -- including sense of "minor performer in a play" (1777) and "special edition of a newspaper" (1793) -- probably all are from shortenings of extraordinary, which in 18c. was used extensively as noun and adverb in places extra would serve today.
权威例句
- 1. She gave him an extra scoop of clotted cream.
- 她多给他加了一勺浓缩奶油。
- 2. The President is determined "to go the extra mile for peace".
- 总统决心“为实现和平而加倍努力”。
- 3. There's an extra blanket in the bottom drawer of the cupboard.
- 壁橱最下面的抽屉里还有一条多余的毯子。
- 4. Police warned motorists to allow extra time to get to work.
- 警方告诫驾车者出门上班要留出富余时间。
- 5. Stay in bed extra late or get up specially early.
- 起床过晚或过早。
词语辨析
【additional, extra, supplementary】
这组词都有“另加的，额外的”的意思，其区别是：
additional: 由名词additon派生出的形容词，指在原有基础上添加上去的。
extra: 指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。
supplementary: 由名词supplement派生而来，指对原有的追加或补究。
这组词都有“另加的，额外的”的意思，其区别是：
additional: 由名词additon派生出的形容词，指在原有基础上添加上去的。
extra: 指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。
supplementary: 由名词supplement派生而来，指对原有的追加或补究。