记忆方法
1. 相当于将其全部都刺死，自然就熄灭、灭绝了。
2. 构词原理与 expunge 差不多。
2. 构词原理与 expunge 差不多。
看到不对的地方请告诉我们
词族 · extinguish
中文词源
extinguish 熄灭，扑灭
词源同extinct, 灭绝的。
英语词源
- extinguish (v.)
- 1540s, from Latin extinguere/exstinguere "quench, put out (what is burning), wipe out, obliterate," from ex- "out" (see ex-) + stinguere "quench," apparently an evolved sense from PIE *steig- "to prick, stick, pierce" (see stick (v.)). But see distinguish (v.). Related: extinguishable (c. 1500); extinguished; extinguishing.
权威例句
- 1. Firefighters tried to extinguish the flames.
- 消防队员奋力救火。
- 2. You may extinguish a nation, but not the love of liberty.
- 你可以消灭一个国家, 但不能消灭对自由的热爱.
- 3. It took about 50 minutes to extinguish the fire.
- 大约花了50分钟才把火扑灭。
- 4. Please extinguish your cigarette when the ` no smoking'signs lights up.
- 当"禁止吸烟 " 的指示灯亮时,请您熄灭香烟.
- 5. The firefighter put his life in danger to extinguish the forest fire.
- 消防员冒着生命危险扑灭森林大火.
词语辨析
【extinguish, dispose, erase, exclude, cancel, eliminate, abolish】
这组词都有“取消，除掉”的意思，其区别是：
extinguish: v.熄灭，扑灭(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。
• Firefighters extinguished a big fire. 消防队员扑灭了大火。
dispose: v.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。)
• After your picnic, please dispose of the litter. 野餐后请清除掉垃圾。
erase: v.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。
• I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again. 我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。
exclude: v.排斥；排除，不包括在内，与include互为反义词。
• The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering. 衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。
cancel: v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消；删去(字、句)。
• The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu. 会议由于流感而取消了。
eliminate: v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。
• The losing team was eliminated from further competition. 失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。
• The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine. 医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。
abolish: v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。
• The government abolished the tax on alcohol. 政府取消了酒税。
【destroy, extinguish, exterminate】
这组词都有“消灭”的意思，其区别是：
destroy: 指通过杀戮或终止某人某物的机能，使之无用或毁灭。
extinguish: 原义指灭火，转义后暗示生命、希望等像火一样地消灭、熄灭。
exterminate: 指大量地、成批地杀害、消灭。
这组词都有“取消，除掉”的意思，其区别是：
extinguish: v.熄灭，扑灭(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。
• Firefighters extinguished a big fire. 消防队员扑灭了大火。
dispose: v.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。)
• After your picnic, please dispose of the litter. 野餐后请清除掉垃圾。
erase: v.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。
• I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again. 我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。
exclude: v.排斥；排除，不包括在内，与include互为反义词。
• The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering. 衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。
cancel: v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消；删去(字、句)。
• The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu. 会议由于流感而取消了。
eliminate: v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。
• The losing team was eliminated from further competition. 失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。
• The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine. 医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。
abolish: v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。
• The government abolished the tax on alcohol. 政府取消了酒税。
【destroy, extinguish, exterminate】
这组词都有“消灭”的意思，其区别是：
destroy: 指通过杀戮或终止某人某物的机能，使之无用或毁灭。
extinguish: 原义指灭火，转义后暗示生命、希望等像火一样地消灭、熄灭。
exterminate: 指大量地、成批地杀害、消灭。