记忆方法
1、dwell 居住、细想：古英语 dwellan 最早不是「住」，而是「使人糊涂、引人走偏」，同出一支的有哥特语 dwals「愚蠢的」、古英语 dwola「错误」；再往上归在 PIE *dheu-「烟尘、昏暗」，它与 dust(灰尘)、dull(沉闷) 同源——眼前一抹黑，正是走偏。
2、意思是一步步绕过来的：走偏 → 耽搁、滞留（这一步受了古诺斯语 dvelja「耽搁」的影响）→ 徘徊不走（dwell upon 就停在这一层）→ 后来才指「在一地安家」。人没走、心也没走，「住」和「老想着」本是同一条路的两端。
3、别拆成 d + well：词尾的 well 只是拼巧了。well(好) 出自 *wel-「意愿」，同 will、voluntary；well(井) 出自 *wel-「翻滚」，同 wallow；两个 well 都与 dwell 不同源。也别拉 dwindle(减少) 当同根，它归在「死」那一家，同 die。
2、意思是一步步绕过来的：走偏 → 耽搁、滞留（这一步受了古诺斯语 dvelja「耽搁」的影响）→ 徘徊不走（dwell upon 就停在这一层）→ 后来才指「在一地安家」。人没走、心也没走，「住」和「老想着」本是同一条路的两端。
3、别拆成 d + well：词尾的 well 只是拼巧了。well(好) 出自 *wel-「意愿」，同 will、voluntary；well(井) 出自 *wel-「翻滚」，同 wallow；两个 well 都与 dwell 不同源。也别拉 dwindle(减少) 当同根，它归在「死」那一家，同 die。
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词族 · dwell
中文词源
dwell 栖息，居住
可能来自PIE*dheu, 灰尘，烟雾，词源同dust,dull. 引申词义走偏，栖息，随遇而安，居住。
英语词源
- dwell
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dwell: [OE] Dwell has changed its meaning remarkably over the centuries. In Old English it meant ‘confuse, lead astray’. It goes back to a Germanic base *dwel-, *dwal-, *dwul-, which also produced Old English dwola ‘error’, Gothic dwals ‘foolish’, and Old High German gitwelan ‘be stunned’, and beyond that to Indo-European *dhwel-, source of Greek tholós ‘dirt’ and Irish dall ‘blind’.
Already by the end of the Old English period, ‘lead astray’ had progressed to ‘hinder, delay’, probably under the influence of the related Old Norse dvelja ‘delay’, and this subsequently developed through ‘linger’ to (in the 13th century) ‘make one’s home in a place’.
- dwell (v.)
- Old English dwellan "to mislead, deceive," originally "to make a fool of, lead astray," from Proto-Germanic *dwelan "to go or lead astray" (cognates: Old Norse dvöl "delay," dvali "sleep;" Middle Dutch dwellen "to stun, make giddy, perplex;" Old High German twellen "to hinder, delay;" Danish dvale "trance, stupor," dvaelbær "narcotic berry," source of Middle English dwale "nightshade"), from PIE *dhwel-, extended form of root *dheu- (1) "dust, cloud, vapor, smoke" (and related notions of "defective perception or wits").
Related to Old English gedweola "error, heresy, madness." Sense shifted in Middle English through "hinder, delay," to "linger" (c. 1200, as still in phrase to dwell upon), to "make a home" (mid-13c.). Related: Dwelled; dwelt; dwells.
权威例句
- 1. I shut out the memory which was too painful to dwell on.
- 我不再去回忆那些痛苦不堪的往事了。
- 2. It does not do to dwell on dreams and forget to live.
- 沉湎于虚幻的梦想而忘记现实的生活，是毫无益处的。
- 3. Sometimes his mind would dwell on the horrors he had been through.
- 有时他会老是想着他所经历过的种种恐怖.
- 4. It's morbid to dwell on cemeteries and such like.
- 不厌其烦地谈论墓地以及诸如此类的事是一种病态.
- 5. A great number of water fowls dwell on the island.
- 许多水鸟在岛上栖息.
词语辨析
【dwell, inhabit, reside, settle, lodge, live】
这组词都有“居住、定居”的意思，其区别是：
dwell: 文学上的用词，口语中通常用live代替。
inhabit: 强调人或动物居住在某个地区并已适应某种特殊环境。
reside: 书面用词，指合法的永久性居住，也指在豪华的住宅里居住。
settle: 侧重指某人定居于城市、国家或地区，而不指居住的住所。
lodge: 指短时间或临时住宿。
live: 最普通用词，指固定的居住，可以是长期的，也可以是临时的。
这组词都有“居住、定居”的意思，其区别是：
dwell: 文学上的用词，口语中通常用live代替。
inhabit: 强调人或动物居住在某个地区并已适应某种特殊环境。
reside: 书面用词，指合法的永久性居住，也指在豪华的住宅里居住。
settle: 侧重指某人定居于城市、国家或地区，而不指居住的住所。
lodge: 指短时间或临时住宿。
live: 最普通用词，指固定的居住，可以是长期的，也可以是临时的。