craft

将“craft”与“craftsman”（工匠）联系起来记忆。想象一个工匠正在精心制作或修理某件手工艺品，这样的画面可以帮助你记住“craft”这个单词，因为它指的是手工艺、制作或精巧的作品。

craft 工艺

原义为力量，强健，词源同hard, democracy. 现词义主要为工艺，技术，来自PIE*sker, 弯，转，编织，词源同cradle, crib. 比较texture, technology.

craft

craft: [OE] The original notion contained in the word craft is that of ‘strength’ (that is the meaning of its relatives in other Germanic languages, such as German and Swedish kraft). Old English croeft had that sense too (it had largely died out by the 16th century), but it had also developed some other meanings, which are not shared by its Germanic cognates: ‘skill’, for example (in a bad as well as a good sense, whence crafty) and ‘trade’ or ‘profession’.

Much later in origin, however (17th-century in fact), is the sense ‘ship’. It is not clear how this developed, but it may have been a shortening of some such expression as ‘vessel of the sailor’s craft’ (that is, ‘trade’). The word’s Germanic stem was *krab- or *kraf-, which some have seen also as the source of crave [OE].
=> crave

craft (n.)

Old English cræft (West Saxon, Northumbrian), -creft (Kentish), originally "power, physical strength, might," from Proto-Germanic *krab-/*kraf- (cognates: Old Frisian kreft, Old High German chraft, German Kraft "strength, skill;" Old Norse kraptr "strength, virtue"). Sense expanded in Old English to include "skill, dexterity; art, science, talent" (via a notion of "mental power"), which led by late Old English to the meaning "trade, handicraft, calling," also "something built or made." The word still was used for "might, power" in Middle English.

Use for "small boat" is first recorded 1670s, probably from a phrase similar to vessels of small craft and referring either to the trade they did or the seamanship they required, or perhaps it preserves the word in its original sense of "power."

craft (v.)

Old English cræftan "to exercise a craft, build," from the same source as craft (n.). Meaning "to make skilfully" is from early 15c., obsolete from 16c., but revived c. 1950s, largely in U.S. advertising and commercial senses. Related: Crafted; crafting.

1. The engine of one landing craft was still running.

一艘登陆艇的发动机还在运转。

2. It provides the thrust that makes the craft move forward.

它提供了飞机前进所需的推力。

3. The frail craft rocked as he clambered in.

他爬进来的时候，那件易碎的工艺品摇晃起来。

4. My craft zipped across the bay.

我的小艇飞速驶过海湾。

5. Craft Resources also sells yarn and embroidery floss.

工艺人员服务公司也售卖纱线和绣花丝线。

【craft, vessel, ship, canoe, steamer, boat】
这组词都有“船”的意思，其区别是：
craft: 船只的集合名词，但可指单独的船只。
vessel: 多指运货或运人的大船。
ship: 含义广，一般指大轮船，如航海船只，内河航运船只。
canoe: 指长而轻，用桨的小舟、独木船。
steamer: 指靠蒸汽发动机为动力的船只。
boat: 泛指任何大小的船只，尤指靠划桨或风帆行进的无篷小船。

【craft, skill, art】
这组词都有“技艺、技巧”的意思，其区别是：
craft: 和art同义，指手脚灵巧，有技术和技能。
skill: 语气较强，指某人具有专门知识，精通业务，而且经验丰富又很熟悉。
art: 最普通用词，侧重指某人完成某项工作的能力或操作技巧。