borrow

来自PIE *bhergh(1), 保护。词源同harbor, 港口。来自旧时借东西需提供抵押品作为担保。

borrow

borrow: [OE] Modern English borrow is a descendant of Old English borgian, which came from the Germanic base *borg-. This was a variant of *berg- (source of English barrow ‘mound’) and *burg- (source of English borough and bury). The underlying sense of the Germanic base was ‘protection, shelter’, and the development of meaning in the case of borrow seems to have been like this: originally, to borrow something from somebody was to receive it temporarily from them in return for some sort of security, which would be forfeited if the thing borrowed were not kept safe and eventually returned.

Gradually, the notion of giving some sort of concrete security, such as money, weakened into a spoken pledge, which by modern times had become simply the unspoken assumption that anything that has been borrowed must by definition be returned.
=> barrow, borough, bury

borrow (v.)

Old English borgian "to lend, be surety for," from Proto-Germanic *borg "pledge" (cognates: Old English borg "pledge, security, bail, debt," Old Norse borga "to become bail for, guarantee," Middle Dutch borghen "to protect, guarantee," Old High German boragen "to beware of," German borgen "to borrow; to lend"), from PIE root *bhergh- (1) "to hide, protect" (see bury). Sense shifted in Old English to "borrow," apparently on the notion of collateral deposited as security for something borrowed. Related: Borrowed; borrowing.

1. Most people here cannot borrow from banks because they lack collateral.

由于拿不出东西作为抵押，这里大部分人无法从银行贷款。

2. Investors can borrow an amount equal to the property's purchase price.

投资者可以获得与房产购买价格相等的借款额。

3. "Why don't you borrow your sister's car?" said Cassandra stiffly.

“你为什么不借用你姐姐的车呢？”卡桑德拉生硬地说道。

4. Can I borrow a pen please? .

我可以借支笔吗？

5. He wouldn't let me borrow his clothes.

他不愿我借他的衣服。