advocate

将“advocate”分解为“ad”和“vocate”。想象自己（“ad”）站在一个高高的舞台上（“vocate”可以看作是“voice”的谐音），大声地（“voice”发声）倡导（“advocate”）某个理念或事业。这个场景可以帮助记忆单词的含义。

advocate 倡导

ad-,去，往，-voc,说，词源同voice.

advocate

advocate: [14] Etymologically, advocate contains the notion of ‘calling’, specifically of calling someone in for advice or as a witness. This was the meaning of the Latin verb advocāre (formed from vocāre ‘call’, from which English also gets vocation). Its past participle, advocātus, came to be used as a noun, originally meaning ‘legal witness or adviser’, and later ‘attorney’.

In Old French this became avocat, the form in which English borrowed it; it was later relatinized to advocate. The verb advocate does not appear until the 17th century. The word was also borrowed into Dutch, as advocaat, and the compound advocaatenborrel, literally ‘lawyer’s drink’, has, by shortening, given English the name for a sweetish yellow concoction of eggs and brandy.
=> invoke, revoke, vocation

advocate (n.)

mid-14c., "one whose profession is to plead cases in a court of justice," a technical term from Roman law, from Old French avocat "barrister, advocate, spokesman," from Latin advocatus "one called to aid; a pleader, advocate," noun use of past participle of advocare "to call" (as witness or advisor) from ad- "to" (see ad-) + vocare "to call," related to vocem (see voice (n.)). Also in Middle English as "one who intercedes for another," and "protector, champion, patron." Feminine forms advocatess, advocatrice were in use in 15c.

advocate (v.)

1640s, from advocate (n.). Related: Advocated; advocating; advocation.

1. He is a keen advocate of park-and-ride schemes.

他是“停车再换乘”计划的热情拥护者。

2. The group does not advocate the use of violence.

该团体不支持使用暴力。

3. Often the interviewer will need to play devil's advocate in order to get a discussion going.

采访者常常需要故意唱唱反调以使访谈继续下去。

4. He is a strident advocate of nuclear power.

他是发展核能的坚定拥护者。

5. He got the best advocate in town to defend him.

他请城里最好的律师为他辩护.

【support, sustain, back, uphold, advocate】
这组词都有“支持，支援，拥护”的意思，其区别是：
support: 含义广泛，多指在道义上或物质上支持某人，也可指对某项事业的支持。
sustain: 侧重指连续不断的支持。
back: 通常指对论点、行动、事业等的强有力支持。
uphold: 既可指积极努力对陷入困境者的支持，也可指给某人在行动、道义或信仰上的支持。
advocate: 多指通过写文章或发表演说等来支持或拥护，往往暗示提倡某事或为某事辩护。

【propose, prescribe, suggest, advocate, recommend】
这组词都有“劝告、主张、建议”的意思，其区别是：
propose: 多指较正式地提出建议。
prescribe: 多指医生对病人在用药或饮食等方面的建议。
suggest: 语气较委婉，指提出不成熟的建议或参见意见。
advocate: 指公开表明对某事或某行为的完全赞同，语气强于recommend。
recommend: 指向对方提出公开的建议或规劝。

【opponent, host, agencies, advocate】
opponent: 反对者
host: 主任，主持人
agencies: 代理，机关
advocate: 提倡者，鼓吹者

【advocate, attorney, counsel, lawyer】
这组词都有“律师”的意思，其区别是：
advocate: 专指以罗马法律的基本法制的一些国家的(如苏格兰等)和一些特别法庭的律师；也可指出庭辩护的律师。
attorney: 主要用于美国，指代理当事人处理遗嘱检验等法律事务的律师，有时可与lawyer通用，泛指辩护律师。
counsel: 指单独或集体为当事人提供咨询或出庭处理案件的法律顾问或律师。
lawyer: 普通用词，指精通法律规则并有权以法律代理人或顾问身份在法庭上执行法律或为委托人服务的人。