yield

英 [jiːld] 美 [jiːld]
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  • vt. 屈服;出产;放弃
  • vi. 屈服,投降
  • n. 产量;收益
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记忆方法

AI 生成 · 仅供参考
1、yield 两头意思都要拿住:一边是"出产"(产量、收益),一边是"让步、屈服"。共同点是"给出"——地里给出东西,人给出退让。
2、路口标志 YIELD 就是"让行",让主路先走。搭配上 yield to sb/sth(向……让步、被……取代)。
3、和 produce、manufacture(机器成批制造)分工:yield 偏自然长出来的产出(庄稼、利润),harvest(收成)、crop(一季作物)也在这块地里。老根是"支付",和 guild(行业公会)同族。
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词族 · yield

词形变化与派生词,串起来记

中文词源

yield 出产,屈服

来自PIE*gheldh,支付,付款,引申词义屈服,词源同guild.其原义为加入行业公会,获取行业保护,引申词义出产,收获。

英语词源

yield
yield: [OE] Yield is descended from prehistoric Germanic *gelthan ‘pay’, which also produced German gelten ‘pay’ (German geld ‘money’ comes from the same base). It originally meant ‘pay’ in English too, and it seems the sense ‘surrender’, which emerged in the 13th century, may be due to the influence of French rendre ‘give’, which is used reflexively for ‘surrender’.
yield (v.)
Old English gieldan (West Saxon), geldan (Anglian) "to pay, pay for; reward, render; worship, serve, sacrifice to" (class III strong verb; past tense geald, past participle golden), from Proto-Germanic *geldan "pay" (cognates: Old Saxon geldan "to be worth," Old Norse gjaldo "to repay, return," Middle Dutch ghelden, Dutch gelden "to cost, be worth, concern," Old High German geltan, German gelten "to be worth," Gothic fra-gildan "to repay, requite"). This is from PIE *gheldh- "to pay," a root found only in Balto-Slavic and Germanic (and Old Church Slavonic žledo, Lithuanian geliuoti might be Germanic loan-words).

"[T]he only generally surviving senses on the Continent are 'to be worth; to be valid, to concern, apply to,' which are not represented at all in the English word" [OED]; sense development in English comes via use of this word to translate Latin reddere, French rendre. Sense of "give in return for labor or capital invested" is from early 14c. Intransitive sense of "give oneself up, submit, surrender (to a foe)" is from c. 1300. Related to Middle Low German and Middle Dutch gelt, Dutch geld, German Geld "money." Related: Yielded; yielding.
yield (n.)
Old English gield "payment, sum of money; service, offering, worship;" from the source of yield (v.). Extended sense of "production" (as of crops) is first attested mid-15c. Earliest English sense survives in financial "yield from investments."

权威例句

1. The President is now under pressure to yield power to the republics.
总统现在面临着让权给共和党人的压力。
2. When entering a trail or starting a descent, yield to other skiers.
进入滑雪道或开始下滑时,要给其他滑雪者让路。
3. Will she yield to growing pressure for her to retire?
面对要求其隐退的压力越来越大,她会屈服吗?
4. Inevitably the transition will yield some sticky moments.
过渡时期难免会出现一些困难的时候。
5. He may yield control.
他可能会放弃控制权。

词语辨析

【submit, yield, surrender】
这组词都有“让步,屈服”的意思,其区别是:
submit: 表示“甘心忍受”,作及物动词时,宾语为反身代词,但一般为不及物动词,后接介词to 。
yield: “投降”,与surrender 大致同义,但是指“温和的让步”。
surrender: “投降”,强调“被迫投降,压力很大”,是不及物动词,后接介词to;用作及物动词时,表因战败或被迫“交出”,“放弃”某些事物。

【manufacture, yield, contribute, create, produce】
manufacture: (强调机器成批)生产
yield: 生出、产生或提供(自然产物、结果或利润等)
contribute: 贡献出
create: 引起,造成(感觉或印象)
produce: 制造,引起,导致,带来

【yield, harvest, crop】
这组词都有“收成”的意思,其区别是:
yield: 指生产物,农作物的总产量。
harvest: 主要指农作物或水果的收获量,有时也指收割的行为。
crop: 普通用词,侧重指农作物一次收割或一季的收成。

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