词族 · vital
词形变化
中文词源
vital 有生命力的
来自拉丁语vita,生命，来自PIE*gweie,存活，词源同biology,quick,vivid,zoo.
英语词源
- vital
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vital: [14] Vital comes via Old French vital from Latin vītālis. This was a derivative of vīta ‘life’. And vīta went back ultimately to Latin vīvus ‘living’, source of English vivacious, vivid, etc. Viable [19] is also descended from vīta, and etymologically means ‘capable of life’.
=> viable, vitamin, vivid - vital (adj.)
- late 14c., "of or manifesting life," from Latin vitalis "of or belonging to life," from vita "life," related to vivere "to live," from PIE root *gweie- (1) "to live" (see bio-). The sense of "necessary or important" is from 1610s, via the notion of "essential to life" (late 15c.). Vital capacity recorded from 1852. Related: Vitally.
权威例句
- 1. The vital clue to the killer's identity was his nickname, Peanuts.
- 查明杀手身份的重要线索是他的外号叫“花生”.
- 2. Officials failed to pass vital information to their superiors.
- 官员们没有将重要信息汇报给他们的上司。
- 3. Support from those closest to you is vital in these trying times.
- 在这些困难的时刻，最亲近的人给予你的支持至关重要。
- 4. His function is vital to the accomplishment of the agency's mission.
- 要完成该机构的使命，他的作用至关重要。
- 5. They believed ancient Greece and Rome were vital sources of learning.
- 他们认为古代希腊罗马是知识的重要发源地。
词语辨析
【vital, essential, basic, fundamental, radical】
这组词都有“基本的，基础的”的意思，其区别是：
vital: 正式用词，侧重指维持生命、活力必不可少的，或生死攸关的。
essential: 语气比basic和fundamental强，强调必不可少，暗含某物如缺少某部分，则失去本质特征的意味。
basic: 普通用词，指明确、具体的基础或起点。
fundamental: 书面用词，不如basic使用广泛，侧重指作为基础、根本的抽象的事物。
radical: 着重指事物的根本或其来源。
这组词都有“基本的，基础的”的意思，其区别是：
vital: 正式用词，侧重指维持生命、活力必不可少的，或生死攸关的。
essential: 语气比basic和fundamental强，强调必不可少，暗含某物如缺少某部分，则失去本质特征的意味。
basic: 普通用词，指明确、具体的基础或起点。
fundamental: 书面用词，不如basic使用广泛，侧重指作为基础、根本的抽象的事物。
radical: 着重指事物的根本或其来源。