记忆方法
1、tell 的本义是「数」：日耳曼 *taljan 出自 *talō「一件件讲清」，同根 tale(故事)、talk(说话)，德语 zählen 到今天还是「数数」。
2、这个老意思躲在几个说法里：all told(字面全数过一遍→总共)、teller(点钞的人、出纳)。
3、tell 侧重把一件事讲给对方听：tell me a story；say 只管说的内容，speak 只管说的动作。
2、这个老意思躲在几个说法里：all told(字面全数过一遍→总共)、teller(点钞的人、出纳)。
3、tell 侧重把一件事讲给对方听：tell me a story；say 只管说的内容，speak 只管说的动作。
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词族 · tell
中文词源
tell 数数，告诉，告知
来自古英语 tellan,计算，数数，思考，来自 Proto-Germanic*taljan,计算，来自 PIE*del,计算， 词源同 tale,talk.引申词义告诉，告知。原词义见 teller,会计，出纳。
英语词源
- tell
-
tell: [OE] Tell goes back to a prehistoric Germanic *taljan, a derivative of *talō ‘something told’ (from which English gets tale). This in turn was formed from the base *tal-, source also of English talk. Beside ‘narrative, discourse’ lies another strand of meaning, ‘counting, enumeration’ (pointing back to an original common denominator ‘put in order’), which survives in all told and the derivative teller ‘counter of votes’, and also in the related German zählen ‘count’.
=> tale, talk - tell (v.)
- Old English tellan "to reckon, calculate, number, compute; consider, think, esteem, account" (past tense tealde, past participle teald), from Proto-Germanic *taljan "to mention in order" (cognates: Old Saxon tellian "tell," Old Norse telja "to count, number; to tell, say," Old Frisian tella "to count; to tell," Middle Dutch and Dutch tellen, Old Saxon talon "to count, reckon," Danish tale "to speak," Old High German zalon, German zählen "to count, reckon"), from PIE root *del- (2) "to count, reckon" (see tale).
Meaning "to narrate, announce, relate" in English is from c. 1000; that of "to make known by speech or writing, announce" is from early 12c. Sense of "to reveal or disclose" is from c. 1400; that of "to act as an informer, to 'peach' " is recorded from 1901. Meaning "to order (someone to do something)" is from 1590s. To tell (someone) off "reprimand" is from 1919.
Original sense in teller and phrase to tell time. For sense evolution, compare French conter "to count," raconter "to recount;" Italian contare, Spanish contar "to count, recount, narrate;" German zählen "to count," erzählen "to recount, narrate." Klein also compares Hebrew saphar "he counted," sipper "he told." - tell (n.)
- "mound, hill," 1864, from Arabic tall, related to Hebrew tel "mount, hill, heap." Compare Hebrew talul "lofty," Akkadian tillu "woman's breast."
权威例句
- 1. "You really won't tell?" she asked, begging for reassurance.
- “你真的不说吗？”她问道，乞求得到安慰。
- 2. She would have liked to tell him to butt out.
- 她本想告诉他叫他别插手的。
- 3. When your children misbehave tell them without making them feel small.
- 孩子表现不佳时要让他们知道，但不能让他们自惭形秽。
- 4. She scribbled a note to tell Mum she'dgone out.
- 她匆匆写了个便条告诉妈妈她已外出。
- 5. His friends say he was always quick to tell a joke.
- 他的朋友们说，以前他讲笑话总是张嘴就来。
词语辨析
【state, speak, say, tell, utter, talk】
这组词都有“说、讲”的意思，其区别是：
state: 较正式用词，通常指用明确的语言或文字着重地叙述事实，既强调内容又注重语气。
speak: 侧重于说话动作的本身，着重说话的能力而不在内容，可以是长篇大论的演讲，也可以是三言两语的交谈，甚至指简单的开口发声说话。
say: 最普通常用词，指用语言表达思想，着重所说的内容。
tell: 普通用词，指把某事告诉或讲述给某人听，口语或书面语均可用。
utter: 着重说话的行为，常指声音的使用，突出用噪子发声。
talk: 普通用词，侧重指与人交谈时的连续说话，可指单方面较长谈话，和speak一样，着重说活动作而不侧重内容。
这组词都有“说、讲”的意思，其区别是：
state: 较正式用词，通常指用明确的语言或文字着重地叙述事实，既强调内容又注重语气。
speak: 侧重于说话动作的本身，着重说话的能力而不在内容，可以是长篇大论的演讲，也可以是三言两语的交谈，甚至指简单的开口发声说话。
say: 最普通常用词，指用语言表达思想，着重所说的内容。
tell: 普通用词，指把某事告诉或讲述给某人听，口语或书面语均可用。
utter: 着重说话的行为，常指声音的使用，突出用噪子发声。
talk: 普通用词，侧重指与人交谈时的连续说话，可指单方面较长谈话，和speak一样，着重说活动作而不侧重内容。