synecdoche

syn-,一起，-ec,向外，-doc,展示，词源同 decent,doctor.用于指一种以局部代替整体或以整体 代替局部的修辞手法，字面意思即一致对外，共同进退。

synecdoche (n.)

"figure of speech in which a part is taken for the whole or vice versa," late 15c. correction of synodoches (late 14c.), from Medieval Latin synodoche, alteration of Late Latin synecdoche, from Greek synekdokhe "the putting of a whole for a part; an understanding one with another," literally "a receiving together or jointly," from synekdekhesthai "supply a thought or word; take with something else, join in receiving," from syn- "with" (see syn-) + ek "out" (see ex-) + dekhesthai "to receive," related to dokein "seem good" (see decent). Typically an attribute or adjunct substituted for the thing meant ("head" for "cattle," "hands" for "workmen," "wheels" for "automobile," etc.). Compare metonymy. Related: Synecdochical.

1. Tropes include metaphor, simile, metonymy, synecdoche, etc.

比喻包括隐喻 、 喻 、 喻、喻等, 是语义修辞法的重要组成部分.