记忆方法
1、soft 和 hard 是最省事的一对：硬的软的反过来记。引申出去都很自然——software 软件、soft drink 不含酒精的饮料、soft skills 沟通协作这类"软"能力。
2、意思从"手感软"走到"语气软、脾气软"，再到"软弱、不够硬气"：a soft option 讨巧的省事选择；Don't be so soft. 别那么心软。
3、读英 /sɒft/ 美 /sɑːft/，别把 o 念成长音。近义分工：mild 温和不过火、gentle 温柔亲切、tender 温情体贴、soft 侧重摸着软、待着舒服。
2、意思从"手感软"走到"语气软、脾气软"，再到"软弱、不够硬气"：a soft option 讨巧的省事选择；Don't be so soft. 别那么心软。
3、读英 /sɒft/ 美 /sɑːft/，别把 o 念成长音。近义分工：mild 温和不过火、gentle 温柔亲切、tender 温情体贴、soft 侧重摸着软、待着舒服。
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词族 · soft
词形变化
中文词源
soft 柔软的，柔和的
来自古英语 softe,柔软的，舒服的，来自 Proto-Germanic*samftijaz,平的，均匀的，来自*somiz, 一致的，来自 PIE*sem,一，一起，词源同 same,some,simple.引申诸相关词义。
英语词源
- soft
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soft: [OE] Soft goes back to a prehistoric West Germanic *samft-, which also produced German sanft ‘gentle, easy, smooth’ and Dutch zacht ‘soft’. It may go back ultimately to the prehistoric base *sōrn- ‘fitting, agreeable’, source of English seem and seemly.
=> seem, seemly - soft (adj.)
- Old English softe, earlier sefte, "gentle, mild-natured; easeful, comfortable, calm, undisturbed; luxurious," from West Germanic *samfti, from Proto-Germanic *samftijaz "level, even, smooth, gentle, soft" (cognates: Old Saxon safti, Old High German semfti, German sanft; and from a variant form with -ch- for -f-, Middle Dutch sachte, Dutch zacht, German sacht), from root *som- "fitting, agreeable."
From c. 1200 of material things, "not stiff, not coarse, fine; yielding to weight." From late 14c. of wind, rain, etc. Of sounds, "quiet, not loud," from early 13c. Of words, "mild, restrained; courteous" mid-14c. From late 14c. as "indulgent," also "physically feeble; easily overcome, lacking manly courage." From 1755 of water ("relatively free from mineral salts"), from 1789 of coal. Meaning "foolish, simple, silly" is attested from 1620s; earlier "easily moved or swayed; soft-hearted, sympathetic; docile" (early 13c.). In reference to drinks, "non-alcoholic" from 1880. As an adverb, Old English softe "gently;" late 13c. as "quietly." As an interjection from 1540s.
Soft landing is from 1958 and the U.S. space program. Adjective soft-core (in reference to pornography) is from 1966 (see hardcore). Soft rock as a music style is attested from 1969. Soft sell is from 1955. Soft-shoe as a dancing style is attested from 1927. Soft-boiled is from 1757 of eggs; of persons, ideas, etc., 1930 (compare half-baked). Soft-focus (adj.) of camera shots is from 1917. The softer sex "women collectively" is from 1640s.
权威例句
- 1. In the background, in soft focus, we see his smiling wife.
- 在背景部分，我们可以看到他妻子面带微笑的蒙影像。
- 2. Choose a soft, medium or firm mattress to suit their individual needs.
- 针对他们各人不同的需要挑选柔软、软硬适中或者坚硬的床垫。
- 3. The President could continue to bash Democrats as being soft on crime.
- 总统可能会继续抨击民主党人对待犯罪活动心慈手软。
- 4. She sighed, then continued in a soft, calm voice.
- 她叹了口气，然后继续用温柔、平静的声音说下去。
- 5. I think more customers probably prefer a soft sell.
- 我认为更多的顾客也许更喜欢软性推销。
词语辨析
【gentle, moderate, tender, mild, soft】
这组词都有“温和的，柔和的”的意思，其区别是：
gentle: 指温柔、亲切、优雅。常含有节制和意味。
moderate: 中性词，指温和稳健，有节制，不走极端。
tender: 和gentle意思很接近。指人的感情细腻、温情慈爱和有同情心，侧重心理素质。也可指物的柔嫩等。
mild: 用于人时，指天性温顺，脾气好，不放肆粗野；用于物时，主要指适度，程度上相当缓和给人以愉快感觉。
soft: 侧重柔软或安稳、光滑，使人不感到粗糙或严酷。
这组词都有“温和的，柔和的”的意思，其区别是：
gentle: 指温柔、亲切、优雅。常含有节制和意味。
moderate: 中性词，指温和稳健，有节制，不走极端。
tender: 和gentle意思很接近。指人的感情细腻、温情慈爱和有同情心，侧重心理素质。也可指物的柔嫩等。
mild: 用于人时，指天性温顺，脾气好，不放肆粗野；用于物时，主要指适度，程度上相当缓和给人以愉快感觉。
soft: 侧重柔软或安稳、光滑，使人不感到粗糙或严酷。