词族 · rate
派生词
中文词源
rate 比率，汇率，价格，费用，房产税，评估
来自拉丁语 rata,固定的，解决的，来自 reri 的过去分词，来自 reri,计算，思考，来自 PIE*rei, 计算，思考，词源同 read,reason.引申诸相关词义。
英语词源
- rate
-
rate: English has two words rate. The commoner, ‘relative quantity’ [15], comes via Old French rate from medieval Latin rata ‘calculated, fixed’, as used in the expression pro rata parte ‘according to a fixed part, proportionally’. This was the feminine form of ratus, the past participle of rērī ‘think, calculate’, from which English also gets ratio, ration, reason, etc.
The other rate, ‘scold’ [14], is now seldom encountered except in its derivative berate [16]. It is not certain where it comes from, although a possible source is Old French reter ‘accuse, blame’, which comes from Latin reputāre (ancestor of English reputation).
=> ratio, ration, reason; berate - rate (n.)
- "estimated value or worth," early 15c., from Old French rate "price, value" and directly from Medieval Latin rata (pars) "fixed (amount)," from Latin rata "fixed, settled," fem. past participle of reri "to reckon, think" (see reason (n.)). Meaning "degree of speed" (properly ratio between distance and time) is attested from 1650s. Currency exchange sense first recorded 1727. First-rate, second-rate, etc. are 1640s, from British Navy division of ships into six classes based on size and strength. Phrase at any rate originally (1610s) meant "at any cost;" weakened sense of "at least" is attested by 1760.
- rate (v.1)
- "to scold," late 14c., probably from Old French reter "to impute blame, accuse, find fault with," from Latin reputare "to count over, reflect," in Vulgar Latin, "to impute, blame" (see reputation). Related: Rated; rating.
- rate (v.2)
- "estimate the worth or value of," mid-15c., from rate (n.). Intransitive sense of "have a certain value, rank, or standing" is from 1809; specifically as "have high value" from 1928. Related: Rated; rating.
权威例句
- 1. Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did.
- 好吧，不管怎样，还是要感谢你所做的一切。
- 2. The rate of inflation is running at about 2.7 percent.
- 通货膨胀率大约为2.7%。
- 3. He is the least appealing character, to me at any rate.
- 他是其中最没有吸引力的角色，至少对我来说是这样。
- 4. Experimenters have succeeded in controlling the rate and regularity of the heartbeat.
- 实验者已经成功控制了心跳的速度和频率。
- 5. Argentina's erratic inflation rate threatens to upset the plans.
- 阿根廷动荡不定的通货膨胀率可能会破坏那些计划。
词语辨析
【evaluate, rate, value, assess, estimate, appraise】
这组词都有“估价，估计”的意思，其区别是：
evaluate: 与appraise相似，指使判断绝对准确，但多用于对人物的某方面的评价，很少用于评价某物的市场价值。
rate: 专指评定价值等级的高低。
value: 侧重指一般人对某物的价值或价格所作的估计。
assess: 原义指对为确定交多少税而估计，引申指通过估价以便更好利用。
estimate: 通常指由个人作出的主观估价。
appraise: 指以专家身份作了最终精确的估价。
【proportion, rate, ratio, percentage】
proportion: （两件事物之间的）比，比例, 通常用于各种成分或分配额的比例等；
rate: 常用于表示速率，利率，出生率，死亡率，兑换率等；
ratio: （表示两个数量之间关系的）比，比例, in direct/inverse ratio to 成正比/反比
percentage: 百分比，百分率；
【pace, rate, speed, velocity】
这组词都有“速度、速率”的意思，其区别是：
pace: 普通用词，指步行的速度，常引申指活动的进度或生产率。
rate: 作“速度”讲时，与speed同义，可换用。作速率解时，指相对增长的速度，也指两种相比较而得出的标准速度。
speed: 普通用词，指单位时间内行进的固定速度或速率，也指可能达到的最高速度。
velocity: 技术用词，指物体沿着一定方向运动时的速率。
这组词都有“估价，估计”的意思，其区别是：
evaluate: 与appraise相似，指使判断绝对准确，但多用于对人物的某方面的评价，很少用于评价某物的市场价值。
rate: 专指评定价值等级的高低。
value: 侧重指一般人对某物的价值或价格所作的估计。
assess: 原义指对为确定交多少税而估计，引申指通过估价以便更好利用。
estimate: 通常指由个人作出的主观估价。
appraise: 指以专家身份作了最终精确的估价。
【proportion, rate, ratio, percentage】
proportion: （两件事物之间的）比，比例, 通常用于各种成分或分配额的比例等；
rate: 常用于表示速率，利率，出生率，死亡率，兑换率等；
ratio: （表示两个数量之间关系的）比，比例, in direct/inverse ratio to 成正比/反比
percentage: 百分比，百分率；
【pace, rate, speed, velocity】
这组词都有“速度、速率”的意思，其区别是：
pace: 普通用词，指步行的速度，常引申指活动的进度或生产率。
rate: 作“速度”讲时，与speed同义，可换用。作速率解时，指相对增长的速度，也指两种相比较而得出的标准速度。
speed: 普通用词，指单位时间内行进的固定速度或速率，也指可能达到的最高速度。
velocity: 技术用词，指物体沿着一定方向运动时的速率。