preliminary

pre-,在前，早于，-limin,界限，门槛，开端，词源同limit.引申词义初步的，初期的。

preliminary (adj.)

1660s, from French préliminaire and directly from Medieval Latin praeliminaris, from Latin prae- "before" (see pre-) + limen (genitive liminis) "threshold" (see limit (n.)). A word that arose in reference to negotiations to end the Thirty Years' War. Earliest attested form in English is preliminaries (n.), 1650s.

1. The winner of each preliminary goes through to the final.

每场初赛的获胜者进入决赛。

2. We have had several preliminary sittings in various poses.

我们进行了几次预拍摄，摆了各种不同的造型。

3. Preliminary results show the Republican party with 11 percent of the vote.

初步结果显示共和党获得了11%的选票。

4. A background check is normally a preliminary to a presidential appointment.

总统任命前通常要进行背景审查的准备工作。

5. Our preliminary results suggest that people do subjectively find the speech clearer.

我们的初步结果显示，人们的确在主观上感觉演讲表达得更清晰明了了。