记忆方法
1、pit 两套。深坑、矿井这套来自拉丁 puteus（井、坑），与 pure（纯净的）同一个古根——本义"清洗、纯化"，井水求其清。
2、果核这套来自荷兰语 pit，与 pith（精髓、核心）同源——水果的硬核就是果之"髓"。桃核杏核，英文pit。
3、坑引申"使互为对手"：pit A against B 把两边架到坑里对斗（旧时斗鸡斗狗的坑）；pit bull 斗牛犬名也出自斗狗坑。拼写 p-it，/pɪt/。
2、果核这套来自荷兰语 pit，与 pith（精髓、核心）同源——水果的硬核就是果之"髓"。桃核杏核，英文pit。
3、坑引申"使互为对手"：pit A against B 把两边架到坑里对斗（旧时斗鸡斗狗的坑）；pit bull 斗牛犬名也出自斗狗坑。拼写 p-it，/pɪt/。
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词族 · pit
中文词源
pit 深洞，深坑，矿井
来自古英语pytt,水坑，井，来自Proto-Germanic*puttjaz,水坑，井，借自拉丁语puteur,水坑，井，来自PIE*peue,清洗，纯化，词源同pure,purity.引申坑，井，洞，休息区等多种词义。
pit 核，果核来自pith 拼写变体或对词。
英语词源
- pit
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pit: English has two words pit. The older, ‘hole’ [OE], comes ultimately from Latin puteus ‘pit, well’ (source also of French puits ‘well, shaft’), but reached English via a Germanic route. It was borrowed in prehistoric times into West Germanic as *putti, which has evolved into German pfütze ‘pool’, Dutch put ‘pit’, and English pit. Pit ‘fruit-stone’ [19] may have been borrowed from Dutch pit, which goes back to a prehistoric West Germanic *pithan, source of English pith [OE].
=> pith - pit (n.1)
- "hole, cavity," Old English pytt "water hole, well; pit, grave," from Proto-Germanic *puttjaz "pool, puddle" (cognates: Old Frisian pet, Old Saxon putti, Old Norse pyttr, Middle Dutch putte, Dutch put, Old High German pfuzza, German Pfütze "pool, puddle"), early borrowing from Latin puteus "well, pit, shaft." Meaning "abode of evil spirits, hell" is attested from early 13c. Pit of the stomach (1650s) is from the slight depression there between the ribs.
- pit (v.)
- mid-15c., "to put into a pit," from pit (n.1); especially for purposes of fighting (of cocks, dogs, pugilists) from 1760. Figurative sense of "to set in rivalry" is from 1754. Meaning "to make pits in" is from late 15c. Related: Pitted; pitting. Compare Pit-bull as a dog breed attested from 1922, short for pit-bull terrier (by 1912). This also is the notion behind the meaning "the part of a theater on the floor of the house" (1640s).
- pit (n.2)
- "hard seed," 1841, from Dutch pit "kernel, seed, marrow," from Middle Dutch pitte, ultimately from West Germanic *pithan-, source of pith (q.v.).
权威例句
- 1. A gold mine is not a bottomless pit, the gold runs out.
- 金矿并非无底的宝藏，金子终究会被采光。
- 2. He was convicted of failing to muzzle a pit bull.
- 他因没能给比特犬戴嘴套而被判有罪。
- 3. He had to make four pit stops during the race.
- 他不得不在比赛过程中4次停车进站。
- 4. I had a funny feeling in the pit of my stomach.
- 我心头有种怪怪的感觉。
- 5. The problem is we don't have a bottomless pit of resources.
- 问题是我们没有取之不尽的资源。
词语辨析
【hollow, cavity, pit, cave, hole】
这组词都有“洞、穴”的意思，其区别是：
hollow: 通常指表面上的坑或凹处，也指物体内部的空洞。
cavity: 比hole正式，指实体内中或表面的空洞或空腔。
pit: 指天然的大洞，尤指地上的洞，也指为采掘矿物而挖的深洞。
cave: 指出洞、窑洞或溶洞，可以是天然的或人造的。
hole: 最普通用词，泛指实体上的洞、孔或坑，不涉及其大小、深浅或穿透与否。
这组词都有“洞、穴”的意思，其区别是：
hollow: 通常指表面上的坑或凹处，也指物体内部的空洞。
cavity: 比hole正式，指实体内中或表面的空洞或空腔。
pit: 指天然的大洞，尤指地上的洞，也指为采掘矿物而挖的深洞。
cave: 指出洞、窑洞或溶洞，可以是天然的或人造的。
hole: 最普通用词，泛指实体上的洞、孔或坑，不涉及其大小、深浅或穿透与否。