lie

来自PIE*legh,躺，卧，词源同lair,litter.进一步来自PIE*skel,弯，转，词源同scoliosis,isosceles.

来自PIE*leugh,恸哭，撒谎，发假誓，可能进一步来自PIE*la,哭喊，大叫，词源同lament.

lie

lie: [OE] English has two words lie. The verb ‘recline’ goes back, together with its Germanic relatives (German liegen, Dutch liggen, Swedish ligga. Danish ligge), to a prehistoric base *leg-, a variant of the base *lag- which produced lay. Both come ultimately from Indo-European *legh-, *logh-, whose other English descendants include litter and low. The verb ‘tell untruths’ and its related noun come from a Germanic base *leug-, *loug-, represented also in German lügen, Dutch liegen, Swedish ljuga, and Danish lyve. The second syllable of English warlock comes from the same source.
=> lay, lig, litter, low; warlock

lie (v.1)

"speak falsely, tell an untruth," late 12c., from Old English legan, ligan, earlier leogan "deceive, belie, betray" (class II strong verb; past tense leag, past participle logen), from Proto-Germanic *leugan (cognates: Old Norse ljuga, Danish lyve, Old Frisian liaga, Old Saxon and Old High German liogan, German lügen, Gothic liugan), from PIE root *leugh- "to tell a lie."

lie (v.2)

"rest horizontally," early 12c., from Old English licgan (class V strong verb; past tense læg, past participle legen) "be situated, reamin; be at rest, lie down," from Proto-Germanic *legjan (cognates: Old Norse liggja, Old Frisian lidzia, Middle Dutch ligghen, Dutch liggen, Old High German ligen, German liegen, Gothic ligan), from PIE *legh- "to lie, lay" (cognates: Hittite laggari "falls, lies," Greek lekhesthai "to lie down," Latin lectus "bed," Old Church Slavonic lego "to lie down," Lithuanian at-lagai "fallow land," Old Irish laigim "I lie down," Irish luighe "couch, grave"). To lie with "have sexual intercourse" is from c. 1300, and compare Old English licgan mid "cohabit with." To take (something) lying down "passively, submissively" is from 1854.

lie (n.1)

"an untruth," Old English lyge "lie, falsehood," from Proto-Germanic *lugiz (cognates: Old Norse lygi, Danish løgn, Old Frisian leyne (fem.), Dutch leugen (fem.), Old High German lugi, German Lüge, Gothic liugn "a lie"), from the root of lie (v.1). To give the lie to "accuse directly of lying" is attested from 1590s. Lie-detector first recorded 1909.

lie (n.2)

"manner of lying," 1690s, from lie (v.2). Sense in golf is from 1857.

1. The blame for the Charleston fiasco did not lie with him.

查尔斯顿惨败错不在他。

2. Lie face upwards with a cushion under your head.

头枕垫子仰卧。

3. The ship would lie there mirrored in a perfectly unmoving glossy sea.

船会停靠在那里，映衬在一片波澜不兴的湛蓝海水之中。

4. The islands lie at the southern end of the Kurile chain.

这些岛屿位于千岛群岛的南端。

5. Sovereign power will continue to lie with the Supreme People's Assembly.

最高统治权仍然掌握在最高人民会议手中。